Anonymous Attestation with Subverted TPMs

Various sources have revealed that cryptographic standards and components have been subverted to undermine the security of users, reigniting research on means to achieve security in presence of such subverted components. In this paper we consider direct anonymous attestation (DAA) in this respect. This standardized protocol allows a computer with the help of an embedded TPM chip to remotely attest that it is in a healthy state. Guaranteeing that different attestations by the same computer cannot be linked was an explicit and important design goal of the standard in order to protect the privacy of the user of the computer. Surprisingly, none of the standardized or otherwise proposed DAA protocols achieves privacy when the TPM is subverted, but they all rely on the honesty of the TPM. As the TPM is a piece of hardware, it is hardly possible to tell whether or not a given TPM follows the specified protocol. In this paper we study this setting and provide a new protocol that achieves privacy also in presence of subverted TPMs.